ancient governmental standards essays

antiquated legislative gauges expositions Administrative Techniques in the Ancient World From the beginning of time, numerous procedures have been utilized for arranging society. Experimentation with various styles principally occurred in the antiquated Mediterranean world. Athenian vote based system, Hebrew sanctuary state, Hellenic city-states, Hellenistic realms, the Roman Republic, and the Christian Roman Empire were all significant types of administration, each with their own qualities and shortcomings. To figure out which of these structures was effective, it is barren to take a gander at each structures sequential turn of events. The Hebrew State started as a free confederation of twelve clans. A clans seniors controlled it, and keeping in mind that there was intermarriage between clans, there was no genuine political association. They shared normal religion, language and culture, anyway they didn't owe loyalty to one ruler. The underlying foundations of the Hebrew clans lay in legend. Jacob, a patriarch of Judaism, is said to have had twelve children, every one of whom conceived a clan of individuals. Considering the unbelievable attributes of every child, every clan had explicit qualities. For instance, the clan of Levy were the clerics of the Jews. They possessed no land, and made due on the offerings of the individuals. The clan of Dan were a marine people; their genealogical land lay on the bank of the Mediterranean Sea. These twelve gatherings of individuals were in no way, shape or form one country, they struck each other once in a while, and there were regularly questions as to limits and land rights. In the eleventh century B.C.E., an outside danger, prominent attack by the Philistines, drove the Hebrews to formalize their inborn ties under one pioneer, Saul. With the thrashing of the Philistines, Saul figured out how to keep power over the clans, bringing together them for his replacement, the warrior-writer David. Saul and David had fashioned the beginnings of a realm that would see its actual wonder in the tenth century B.C.E., under Davids child Solomon. Under Solomon, the Temple State tr... <!

Lady in a Machine Shop: Margaret E. Knight

Margaret E. Knight was conceived in York, Maine in1838. Margaret was exceptionally intrigued by devices and apparatus even as a little youngster. Lady in that period were not viewed as precisely slanted or to be keen on machinery.â Children particularly were not thought to be imaginative enough to design things. Margaret, nonetheless, started developing things at a youthful age and had her first achievement from the get-go throughout everyday life. She saw an awful mishap at the cotton plant where she and her siblings worked. Numerous individuals had attempted throughout the years to make the weavers for the laborers yet nobody had concocted a thought that worked. Margaret go through a long stretch of time making a more secure plan for the loom piece being referred to and at the youthful age of 12 she had her first working development. The secured transport she created is still being used on cotton lingers today. In 1868, Margaret moved to Massachusetts and started working at the Columbia Paper Bag Company. Paper sacks around then were envelope molded and held shut by having twine or string folded over them. Square base sacks were once in a while utilized on the grounds that they must be made by hand and were over the top expensive. Margaret concluded that there was certainly opportunity to get better and set about attempting to make a machine that would cut, crease and glue square bottoms sacks without anyone else. This would make the sacks significantly less costly to deliver and accomplish crafted by numerous individuals with just one machine. She worked days at the Columbia Paper Bag Company and keeping in mind that she worked, she contemplated the machines that were in presence there as of now. Around evening time, she took her thoughts home and went through hours building and modifying models of a machine she thought would make a superior paper sack machine. It required some investment and a monstrous measure of work to get what she needed from theâ machine. She tried and balanced and changed things in the arrangement until it was exactly what she needed. When the plan of the machine was great, she recruited somebody to make the genuine machine for her. The models had not been exceptionally tough and she needed one made of iron that would hold up to an entire days work. While Margaret was doing this, a man named Charles Annan took her thought and had a patent put on it under his own name. Margaret had placed an excess of work into this machine and was not going to sit by and let another person assume the praise for it. She prosecuted Charles Annan over taking her thought and her patent. Charles Annan was certain that he could win by persuading the appointed authority that no lady got hardware and could always be unable to plan and manufacture a machine sufficiently complex to make square base paper sacks. Charles Annan belittled Margaret Knight and it cost him the court fight. Margaret acquired every one of her drawings, plans and models of the machine. She clarified how it functioned and why it would improve the technique as of now utilized. Her insight and documentation demonstrated to the appointed authority that she was the legitimate proprietor of the plan and the machine. Margaret got her patent for the paper pack in 1870. She helped to establish the Eastern Paper Bag Company in 1870 also and set her development to work. She is known as the Queen of Paper Bags and her development is utilized right up 'til today, alongside the plan she made for the square base paper sack. References: Label Brill, M. (2001) Margaret Knight Girl Inventor Factory creek

Ergonomics

The point of this examination is to explore the isometric quality or MVC (most extreme deliberate constriction) by estimating grasp quality, arm quality, leg quality, middle quality and key squeeze quality. With the goal that each participant’s quality percentile esteems in the populace for every quality class can be determined and human biomechanical capacities and relative changeability in human abilities can be comprehended by looking at the information gathered. Additionally the impacts of the components, similar to hold range, wrist stance or utilizing the prevailing side, on every one of the quality classifications can be inspected. . Presentation Isometric quality is the power that a muscle gathering can apply without development. Most extreme Isometric quality is the greatest power that a muscle gathering can apply without development. It is likewise called MVC (most extreme intentional withdrawal). A portion of the generally utilized isometric qualities are: arm quali ty, shoulder quality, composite (leg) quality, back (middle) quality, grasp quality and squeeze quality. The entirety of the quality classifications are estimated for the subjects barring for the ones having medical issues about their waist.These estimations are finished by utilizing Caldwell Protocol, which says that after a development time of around 2 seconds, the subject is required to keep up a consistent state maximal effort for in any event 3 seconds and this (normal) level is taken as the subject’s quality score. So we can say that, by and large, the isometric quality estimation strategy expects people to develop their solid effort gradually over a 4-6 seconds time frame, without jolting, and keep up the pinnacle effort for around 3 seconds. This pinnacle effort (3 sec normal) is the isometric quality of the individual.No outside inspiration ought to be given. A break of at any rate 30 seconds ought to be given between progressive efforts if just a couple of estimatio ns are to be made. It is important to build the rest term to 2 minutes if around 15 estimations are to be made in one test meeting. This extra rest is important to recoup from weariness produced because of the isometric effort (Mital and Kumar, 1998). While estimating the quality classes, the impacts of certain elements like elbow point, wrist act, hold range and utilizing predominant or non-prevailing side are observed.The direction of the arm impacts human isometric quality effort capacity. As the arm direction changes the mechanical bit of leeway likewise changes, bringing about more vulnerable or more grounded quality efforts. Additionally the wrist direction is basic in creating isometric torques with non-fueled hand instruments. Around 70% more torque is applied when wrenches are in the level situation than when they are in vertical positions (Mital and Kumar, 1998). Thusly, by utilizing some factual procedures like ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), the hugeness of the components that are referenced before is tried. . Goals The principle target of this examination is to explore the isometric quality or MVC (greatest willful withdrawal) by estimating grasp quality, arm quality, leg quality, middle quality and key squeeze quality. With the goal that each participant’s quality percentile esteems in the populace for every quality classification can be determined and human biomechanical abilities and relative fluctuation in human capacities can be comprehended by looking at the information collected.Also the impacts of the components, similar to grasp range, wrist stance or utilizing the prevailing side, on every one of the quality classes can be inspected. 4. Strategies The trial task comprised of performing isometric handgrip, squeeze hold and lifting compressions for the mixes of the degrees of wrist act, grasp range and by utilizing the predominant or non-prevailing side in a standing stance. The supplies utilized are handgrip dynamometer, squeeze hold dynamometer and lift platform.Our lab bunch leading this investigation comprises of two female and a male understudy, which are okay given and filled in as subjects. While estimating the hold quality the blends of nonpartisan wrist act with the 5 grasp range settings, fluctuate from 33mm to 85mm, are utilized. For the second setting the blends with the wrist flexion and wrist augmentation are estimated as well. By and large, third setting is the standard for male hand size, and second setting is the standard for female hand size. In the wake of completing the hold quality estimations, the key squeeze quality at nonpartisan arm and wrist pose is estimated. All things considered, by utilizing the lifting stage, MVC for arm, leg and middle quality are estimated. While estimating a wide range of solidarity classifications Caldwell convention is utilized and the entirety of the estimations are done as two preliminaries. The information including just the most extreme accounts can be see n from the table beneath: Table 4. : Collected Data for All Group Members for All Strength Categories |Name |Dominant Grip |Non-prevailing |Dominant |Arm | |Strength(MVC) |GS (MVC) |side GS at |Lift | |elbow 150: | |Female |16. 43 |4. 47 |19. 6 |17 | |Male |37. 86 |6. 69 |44. 81 |19 | The accompanying table consolidates the information gathered from the subjects with the information taken from the populace. By taking a gander at it, one can say that for guys, as for hold quality, our example mean, 37. 86 is about the 25% tile in quality, which implies, Gurkan has more quality than about 25% of the populace. What's more, by utilizing a similar way, we can say that our female subjects have more quality than 2% of the populace on average.And the data like percentiles for the remainder of solidarity classifications can be found in an equivalent way from the table beneath. Table 5. 2: The percentiles of little gathering and information correlation with the populace [pic] Another outcome from the examination is the connection between grasp quality and hold range and wrist/elbow pose. So as to comprehend the impacts, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test is finished. Our ANOVA speculation is as the accompanying; H0:The bunch implies are not extraordinary. H1:The bunch implies are unique. For the ANOVA results we can take a gander at the accompanying table to examine he r-squared qualities, p-qualities and f esteems to comprehend the impacts and connections. As indicated by the outcomes taken; the most elevated p-esteemed factor is the wrist act which has 3 degrees of augmentation, unbiased and flexion. At that point comes the elbow act lastly the grasp range. Table 5. 3: R-squared, p-worth and f estimations of components affecting grasp quality |â |r-squared |p-esteem |f | |grip †range |0. 9395 |0. 64 |3. 45 | |strength | |vs. | |wrist pose |0. 8997 |0. 769 |0. 28 | |elbow act |0. 9896 |0. 321 |1. 71 |The nature of the fit is given by the factual number r-squared. A r-squared of 1. 0 would imply that the model fit the information impeccably, with the line going directly through each datum point. All the more all things considered, with genuine information you'd get a r-squared of around 0. 85. At last so as to help different methods we have taken a gander at the aftereffect of the Tukey’s test. 5. Conversation The ramifications of solidarity estimations in Ergonomic Intervention and the utilizations and significance of solidarity information in ergonomic mediation can be clarified by the methods for the accompanying concepts.Many modern exercises are performed through human intercession. It is commonly acknowledged that information on what an individual can or can't do under determined conditions is fundamental for productive work structure and injury anticipation. Human quality suggestions for apparatus structure and work and workspace configuration have additionally been accepting extensive consideration. Absence of plan rules and s creening methods can prompt over-burdening of the muscle-ligament â€bone-joint framework and, accordingly, weariness and conceivable resulting wounds. In actuality, Chaffin et al. (1978) have revealed that the occurrence pace of back wounds ustained hands on expanded when the activity quality prerequisites surpassed isometric qualities of the laborers. Human qualities of people in this way structure the reason for some plan information bases and screening methodology. In this way we can say that the general plan of these improvements is to decrease wounds and, all the while, amplify mechanical efficiency. 6. Ends AND RECOMMENDATIONS The outcomes demonstrate that in spite of the fact that there’s not a huge distinction, the ideal hold range setting for the guys is the third, for the females is the second setting as it’s been told in the literature.These discoveries were bolstered by the aftereffects of tukey’s test, which shows that the most extreme quality is accomplished with these settings. Additionally when we take a gander at the R-squared qualities from the ANOVA test applied to comprehend the connection between hold quality and grasp length and wrist/elbow pose, we can see that the impact isn't so critical in light of the huge R-squared qualities. Be that as it may, in the event that we need to sort them, wrist act is the most noteworthy, and afterward grasp range and elbow pose come individually, where it tends to be seen effectively from the table underneath: Table 7. : R-squared qualities for the variables affecting grasp strenth |â |r-squared | |grip †range |0. 9395 | |strength | |vs. | |wrist pose |0. 8997 | |elbow pose |0. 9896 | Although the impact isn't noteworthy, the examination recommends that grasp length of an apparatus and the stance of wrist and elbow are significant elements to be considered.From this investigation it very well may be comprehended that the isometric quality estimation is economical and adapt able. In any case, the significant weakness of isometric testing is that just each joint point is tried in turn. In the event that distinctive joint points should be tried, the procedure must be rehashed for each edge. In this way as a further report, wa

Proposed Mandatory Health Care plan by Governor Schwarzenegger Essays

Proposed Mandatory Health Care plan by Governor Schwarzenegger Essays Proposed Mandatory Health Care plan by Governor Schwarzenegger Paper Proposed Mandatory Health Care plan by Governor Schwarzenegger Paper The principle method of reasoning for Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s suggestion of the medicinal services plan is to make California’s human services framework increasingly â€Å"accessible, productive, and affordable† (Moffit Owcharenko, 2007). This is achieved by what he considers a messed up social insurance arrangement of the state in which 6.5 million residents of California (making up 20% of the state’s populace) are uninsured (Office of the Governor, 2007a; MSNBC, 2007). He even focused on the present status of the state’s social insurance framework by saying that it is â€Å"in urgent need of repair† (Office of the Governor, 2007a). It is additionally imperative to take a gander at the present and past measurements when discussing this issue. Studies directed in 2005 found that the pace of grown-ups procuring medical coverage from their managers expanded from 55.1 percent in 2003 to 56.2 percent in 2005 (Yoon, Brown, Lavarreda, Glenn, 2006). Beside that, the pace of kids not getting protection diminished from 11.3 percent in 2003 to 10. 7 percent in 2005 which is additionally lower than 14.8 percent in 2001 (Yoon, Brown, Lavarreda, Glenn, 2006). This decline has been highlighted be the aftereffect of most recent developments in the enlistment of youngsters in open protection plans. In addition, it has been discovered that the greater part of the uninsured kids are qualified for getting open protection programs yet a large portion of them are not selected (Lavarreda, Brown, Yoon, Glenn, 2006). Especially, the representative has indicated the crucial components of the proposition: advancement of wellbeing, health, and counteraction; moderate expenses, and the program’s inclusion of all residents of California (Office of the Governor, 2007a). California would be the fifth and the biggest state other than Hawaii, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont to endeavor widespread social insurance plan (Steinhauer, 2007). Inclusion of the arrangement The initial segment of the governor’s proposition is centered around counteraction, wellbeing advancement, and health. It incorporated the usage of what has been named the â€Å"Healthy Actions Incentives/Rewards† programs which rewards people who might take an interest in wellbeing focused projects, practices, and practices. These prizes may incorporate weight the executives courses and exercise center enrollments. (Office of the Governor, 2007b) Because of the expanding instances of diabetes in California, it was concluded that the general medicinal services plan likewise address the counteraction and treatment of diabetes. The arrangement would incorporate distinctive intercession techniques, screening, and different projects to lessen the quantity of residents gaining diabetes and to reduce the present state of diabetic patients (Office of the Governor, 2007b). Beside concentrating on diabetes issues of most Californians, this program would likewise concentrate on the expanding paces of corpulent people and tobacco clients. Notwithstanding this counteraction plan, clinical mistakes and diseases obtained from clinical practice is likewise a focal point of the program. The widespread social insurance plan would require the improvement of medicinal services offices and practices. It likewise includes concentrating on the clinical educational plan to ensure that patients are being dealt with appropriately and experience safe clinical mediations (Office of the Governor, 2007b). Schwarzenegger focused on that the all inclusive human services plan would be for all Californians expressing that â€Å"Everyone in California must have wellbeing insurance† (Steinhauer, 2007). This incorporates working and non-working people, grown-ups and kids. As needs be, this arrangement of taking care of all residents would expense an expected $12 billion (Geis Lee, 2007). The term â€Å"everyone† suggests that the arrangement likewise covers unlawful settlers in California. There has been an expected one million illicit foreigners in the state out of the 6.5 million residents (McKinley, 2007).

The Life and Music of John Coltrane free essay sample

Quintet, which included Red Garland, Paul Chambers and Philly Joe Jones. He came to national noticeable quality as a part. Hue moved to New York in 1956. New York was the home of many Jazz artists including Miles Davis, yet additionally record organizations and recording studios. In any case, fiasco struck, Coloration was kicked out by Miles due to heroin compulsion. Shading was squashed and come back to Philadelphia again in the spring of 1957 to kick his heroin propensity and his liquor addiction. With the help of his significant other and his mom, he spent a whole week in isolation, eating nothing and drinking just water.He later portrayed being ? Contacted? By God during the time, and devoted his next account, ? A Love Supreme? , to his Lord. My objective, Coloration said as though (emerging from the remains) like a phoenix to lecture his ? Disclosure? , is to carry on with the really strict life, and express it through my music. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Life and Music of John Coltrane or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page On the off chance that you live it, when you play theres no issue in light of the fact that the music is a piece of the entire thing. To be an artist is truly something. It goes extremely profound. My music is the otherworldly articulation of what I am, my confidence, my insight, my being. He would dispose of his addictions and rejoin the scene with Theologies Monk at New York? S Five Spot, which is know to many Jazz history specialists as a ? Incredible gig?. He in the long run rejoined Miles, by January 958. Starting here on, his tenor work shown astonishing fire and innovation. His music utilized fundamental Jazz as a beginning stage, fused Eastern thoughts and free-Jazz inclinations which incorporated different or extensive soloing with vast vitality. With Miles Davis, Chlorates enormous tone would help make that bunch one of the best Jazz Peg. Outfits at any point collected. While with Miles he partook in such great Davis meetings as Milestones and Kind Of Blue. In 1959, Coloration discharged Giant Steps, a pivotal collection that solidly settled him as a tenor ace. His exemplary Giant Steps collection contained the strong tunes Giant Steps and Countdown?. In 1960, Coloration framed his own gathering. This gathering included McCoy Tuner, Elvin Jones and Jimmy Garrison. This gathering has be recognized as one of the best and most commended bunches in the historical backdrop of Jazz.They recorded and discharged a progression of incredible collections including My Favorite Things, A Love Supreme, Coloration Live at Birdman, Transition, and others. Hue later shaped another creative gathering, maddening with his piano player spouse, Alice. Together they proceeded with an incredibly free and persistent extemporizing style. Hue tried to lead a progressively sound life, however tragically the abundances of his childhood brought about his initial passing at 41 years old of liver malady on July 17, 1967. . It is difficult to get a handle on reality behind John Coloration through a slue of realities and dates.All the realities about his short life, all the recollections of his companions and individual performers, and all the examination of his playing style inform us practically nothing concerning the man Coloration himself. Hue? S conviction was that Jazz depends vigorously on extemporization. He was known to solo for forty five minutes one after another. One of the fascinating things is a similar piece may Coloration is to tune in to his music. Tinge broke the Jazz sound wall with his eager experimentation and extemporizations, his ostentatious free-form of playing drove numerous audience members away. Joel Odor portrays in The Last Giant: The John Coloration Anthology; ? Lets hard to acknowledge, in the event that you werent there, the size of the debate that spun around John Coloration and his music in the late ass and early ass. You either burrowed Trance or you didnt. They attached that equivalent shadow on Monk. In any case, it was Trance ho truly worked me up. Dazes music drove pundits, fans, even performers into brutally ace or con-Coloration camps. I saw folks getting into a physical altercation over his music.The reality that he was not even remotely engaged with the discussion, Just the music, expanded its force. ? Different instances of Collocates mien and style could be added here by Mike Sherwin; ? He (Coloration) loathed being confined by any kind of rules at all. He revealed to Wayne Shorter that he was attempting to figure out how to begin in a sentence and move in the two headings simultaneously. About Schoenberg 12-note yester, he stated: Damn the guidelines. The inclination checks. You play every one of the 12 notes at any rate. A statement that I for one feel that embodies Coloration? S music and style would need to be one before breakfast Severest; ? The every now and again referenced division between Trances red hot, dangerous musicianship and his calm, delicate attitude existed amidst this variety, encompassed by the debates among the pundits, whose pictures of Trance extended from that of an impious culprit of hostile to Jazz to that of an artist whose profession as saxophone soloist, bandleader, and arranger characterized (and accelerated re-imagined) the style of music known a s Jazz.? I think, Coloration shared once, the primary concern an artist might want to do is to give an image to the audience of the numerous great things he knows and faculties known to man. That is the thing that music is to meits Just another method of saying this is a major, lovely universe we live in, that has been given to us, and heres a case of Just how glorious and enveloping it is. That is the thing that I might want to do. I think that is probably the best thing you can do throughout everyday life, and we as a whole attempt to do it here and there. The Caucasians is through his music. John Coloration could? T have said it better, and his universe as saw through his music is without a doubt lovely and quick paced, and yet can be moderate and efficient. He had an unbelievable ability, yet it is the kind of individual he was that makes his music so critical. Tuning in to him one could come to accept he portions? T even know your there he Just plays his emotions, his considerations, his recollections, and we are given an image a window so to talk into his universe of strict dedication and his yearnings. For that numerous audience members and even Caucasians were dismissed feeling like he was a dissident who was delivering nothing feels somewhere inside. Another method of putting that is state he was assaulted in light of the fact that he decided not to twist his ideas of music so as to oblige the pre-conclusions and restrictions of the crowds ear. Yet, for similar reasons others were attracted to that one of a kind style of music. His music was non political generally with the exception of Alabama, his commendation for four youthful dark young ladies slaughtered in the besieging of the sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham.

Winning Hearts And Minds - A New T. Rex Burger CSR Initiative - 2750 Words

Winning Hearts And Minds - A New T. Rex Burger CSR Initiative (Research Paper Sample) Content: Winning Hearts and Minds -T. Rex Burger CSR Initiative Words (2074) - Executive summary This report mainly outlines the implementation of a new CSR initiative by T. Rex Burger, a fast food restaurant operating in USA and India. The report establishes that T. Rex Burger Company new CSR initiative will include the adoption of environmental friendly training, going green programs and general promotion of environmental protection plans in all its operations. The company plans to introduce green packaging and recyclable food containers to its customers. Furthermore, the firm supports proper collaboration with all its stakeholders. However, the reports highlight and outline resistance to change, cultural differences and poor communication models as part of challenges that may impact the implementation of the new CSR negatively. To address these challenges, this report recommends the need for adopting open communication and proper cooperation with all its stakeholders. The firm should take advantage of its strengths and deals with its weakness as well in the process of imple menting its new CSR programs. It is expected that this will improve the firm market performance and revenue generation in the long run. Table of Contents Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 1. Introduction PAGEREF _Toc513556567 \h 12. Company Overview PAGEREF _Toc513556568 \h 22.1 Company Profile PAGEREF _Toc513556569 \h 22.2 Organisational Structure PAGEREF _Toc513556570 \h 22.3 Stakeholders of the company PAGEREF _Toc513556571 \h 33. T. Rex Burger’s CSR Initiative PAGEREF _Toc513556572 \h 43.1 Issues surrounding CSR initiative implementation PAGEREF _Toc513556573 \h 43.1.1 Communication barriers PAGEREF _Toc513556574 \h 43.1.2 Resistance to change PAGEREF _Toc513556575 \h 53.1.3 Organisational Structure PAGEREF _Toc513556576 \h 53.2 Implementation strategies for T. Rex Burger new CSR initiative PAGEREF _Toc513556577 \h 63.2.1 Effective communication PAGEREF _Toc513556578 \h 63.2.2 Eliminating resistance to change PAGEREF _Toc513556579 \h 63.2.3 Improvement of T. Rex Burger’s organisational structure PAGEREF _Toc513556580 \h 73.3 Impact of culture on T. Rex Burger’s new CSR initiative PAGEREF _Toc513556581 \h 73.5 Eco nomic and financial considerations PAGEREF _Toc513556582 \h 94. Strengths and weaknesses of T. Rex Burger’s change campaign PAGEREF _Toc513556583 \h 94.1 Strengths PAGEREF _Toc513556584 \h 94.2 Weaknesses PAGEREF _Toc513556585 \h 105. Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc513556586 \h 10References PAGEREF _Toc513556587 \h 11 1. Introduction According to Carroll (1991CSR refers to corporate social responsibility and it involves the creation of profits and being accountable to the stakeholders of the company. Through the application of CSR initiatives, companies are able to conduct their business in ethical, legal and moral ways. This ensures that the company top management is taking into account the social, economic and environmental impact of their operations and activities in the society. Further, Kakabadse and Kakabadse (2007) indicated that CSR is very important to all companies globally. Based on the above premise, this report provides CSR initiative by T. Rex Burger Company. Furthermore, strategies adopted in the implementation of new CSR initiatives are provided, challenges are also well analyzed. The implementation schedule, costs of the CSR initiative as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the T. Rex Burger Company CSR initiative are also discussed in this report. The report also highlights and outlines so me o the CSR strategies used by the T. Rex Burger Company to win the hearts and minds of their stakeholders in both USA and India. 2. Company Overview 2.1 Company Profile T. Rex Burger Company was founded in late 1998 by Mr. Tyrannosaurus Rex. The company headquarter is based in New York City. The company currently operates in both USA and India. Notably, the company main purpose is to promote a culture of healthy food and mainly serve their customers burgers and vegetables. Currently, the firm has more than 10,000 employees in its USA branch and around 2,000 employees in India. The company mission is to become one of the best, highest quality as well as most trusted fast food restaurant in the global society. The firm deals with ethical CSR and engages in the promotion of environmental protection initiatives. 2.2 Organisational Structure The T. Rex Burger Company is headed by a CEO in USA and by a branch director in India as illustrate in figure 1 and 2 below. The second in rank after the CEO are directors. Other business unit or departmental heads including production manager, marketing manager, research and development, human resource and quality control manager are part of the organization structure and management in both USA and India. As the head of the company, the CEO roles include strategic planning, coordination and setting policies to guide the firm operations. CEOProductionMarketingHuman ResourcesFinancialRD Quality ControlRecruitmentTrainingAccount Figure 1: The above diagram shows the organisational structure of T. Rex Burger in USA (Source: Author) Branch DirectorProductionFinancialTrainingMarketingRDQuality Control Figure 2: The above diagram shows the organisational structure of T. Rex Burger in India (Source: Author) 2.3 Stakeholders of the company Burke (2017) noted that global organizations or companies do not operate in vacuum and deals with several parties and stakeholders. Majority of the stakeholders have interests in the firm major operations and activities. Notably, close analysis of the T. Rex Burger Company indicate that it has both internal and external stakeholders (primary and secondary stakeholders). The internal stakeholders include the employees, the customers, the suppliers, shareholders and the management including the board of directors. On the other hand, the external stakeholders include the government, local authorities, pressure groups, competitors as well as the general public and trade unions. Importantly, the T. Rex Burger Company top management should consider the interests and values of all its stakeholders especially in its CSR initiatives. Having proper support from all stakeholders will ensure smooth operations, high levels of transparency, fairness and accountability in all the firm activities. CustomersManagersTeam FunctionalSuppliersBranchBoard of directorsShareholdersGovernmentCompetitorsLocal AuthoritiesGeneral Public UnionPressure Group Figure 3: The figure above shows the stakeholders of T. Rex Burger Company (Source: Author) 3. T. Rex Burger’s CSR Initiative According to Carol (2016), total corporate social responsibility involves ethical, legal as well as economic and philanthropic responsibilities of a company. Nalband and Kelabi (2014) also noted that different companies have different CSR initiatives and programs. However, with high demand and need for the application of moral and ethical standards in current global business operations, this report suggest the need for introducing environmental friendly practices in its all operations. 3.1 Issues surrounding CSR initiative implementation Some of the CSR initiatives that the T. Rex Burger Company should implement include the adoption of green packaging, the use of proper recycling as well as reduction of wastage through adoption of environmental friendly practices. It is expected that this will contribute towards long term contribution to sustainable development of the environment. Recycling initiatives will also benefit the company by increasing its profitability levels. 3.1.1 Communication barriers According to Cummings and Worley (2014), different communication norms and structures usually become and act as a barrier towards organization change. The CSR initiative implementation process should involve the consideration of communication models used in both USA and India. Kandlousi et al., (2010) noted that the USA people prefer direct communication methods unlike in India. Unlike India, USA is a low context culture and communication should be done through the use of least amount of words. Importantly, the company should adopt brief communication models to promote emotional resonance. This may include the consideration o non-verbal cues in the firm communication systems. 3.1.2 Resistance to change There are several factors that lead to resistance to change in organizations. Some of the issues that may lead to resistance to change within the organization include discomfort with uncertainties, lack of conviction and high concerns about future competence and sustainability of the new initiative. High costs of the training and equipments may also be a challenge to the new initiative. However, it is expected that the CSR initiative will result in adoption of new changes that may stir interest of all the stakeholders. 3.1.3 Organisational Structure A close evaluation of the T. Rex Burger Company structure reveals some challenges associated with inflexibility and constrained flow of information. This may limit transformation and change in the company. Therefore, there is need for inter-departmental collaboration and coordination to improve and promote the new CSR changes. There is also the need for establishment of clear order of command from the highest or top to the lowest ranks as shown in the figure 4 below. This will create good flow of information and continuous flow of operations and activities. Interdepartmental CommitteeT. Rex Burger Company CEO USA CEOIndia CEODirector operationsDirectors CorporateDepartmental HeadsDepartmental Heads Figure 4: Showing new recommended T. Rex Burger organisational structure (Source: Author) 3.2 Implementation strategies for T. Rex Burger new CSR initiative 3.2.1 Effective communication The adoption of effective communication platforms by the company is part of strategies that the can be used to implement new CSR in the firm. Th...

Featured Test Prep Student Sonoi Kawakami

Philadelphia’s A+ Test Prep and Tutoring is making waves in Hawaii! Recently we sat down to talk with Hawaii resident Sonoi Kawakami (by phone, of course) about her experiences and achievements working online with our tutor, Julie Mueller. Sonoi’s uncle first recommended A+ to her. Sonoi’s Uncle James knows A+ president Dan Ascher very well and had complete confidence that A+, even across an ocean and a continent, was the right choice for his niece. And he was right! A+ helped Sonoi bring her composite ACT score up five points, from 17 to 22. A+: So what was it like working with a tutor thousands of miles away? Sonoi: Well, there was the time difference. (Note: Hawaii is six hours behind Philadelphia.) Waking up early to work with Julie was hard! But that was really the only problem. It helped that I was able to hear and talk to Julie, and we had the same book, of course. She gave great explanations, and she was so easy to talk to! A+: What other things did you like about the program? Sonoi: I liked the consistency of working every week. I also thought the practice tests were very helpful. My biggest challenge was math, especially running out of time on the math section. My tutoring sessions really helped me improve that way! I got lots of good advice from Julie. She taught me how to manage my time—how not to let individual questions eat it up. She also showed me how to review my answers at the end. A+: Congratulations on your success in raising your ACT score so much! What is next for you? Sonoi: Thank you! I plan to take the SAT as well as the ACT. My goal is to get a score of 1300! Right now I’m interested in a career as a physician, and one of the schools I’ve been looking at is Washington State University. A+: Any advice for other students who would like to do what you did? Sonoi: Be consistent. I had to keep up with my tutoring assignments, even though I had a lot of other activities going on at the same time (Sonoi took AP English, played soccer, and worked as a babysitter). Also, try not to look at the answers in the book until you’ve done the problem—otherwise you won’t learn! We also spoke with Julie Mueller, Sonoi’s tutor. Julie had nothing but praise for her former student. Julie: Sonoi was a real pleasure to work with because she was the type of student who always had a sunny disposition, no matter how much material we worked through. She was diligent as she worked and receptive to any comments I might make about how to improve her score or what to watch out for on the test, which made my job easy. And despite the fact that Sonoi was across the continent and across half the Pacific (Hawaii), her attitude during our online tutoring sessions made the distance seem negligible. How did A+ help make Sonoi’s higher test scores a reality at such a distance? One of the factors was our online tutoring system, iCollaborate. All that is necessary to take advantage of online tutoring is a computer with a broadband Internet connection (DSL, FIOS, cable); a microphone; a headset, earbuds, or speakers; a webcam; and the latest version of Adobe Flash. According to Dan Ascher, CEO of A+, â€Å"the best aspects of in-person tutoring translate very well to face-to-face online tutoring.† Tutors are trained to deal with the occasional issue—like audio lag time. However, Dan says, â€Å"a live, face-to-face online tutoring session allows the tutor to respond to the student’s needs, struggles, motivation, and other nonverbal cues.† At A+ Test Prep and Tutoring, we are here to help make the testing process as productive and stress-free as possible. If you would like more information about any of our services, our Client Service Directors Anne Stanley and Susan Ware are available to answer questions and provide solutions. You may reach either of them by calling A+ Test Prep and Tutoring at 215-886-9188.